Its population declined precipitously in the last century due to indiscriminate shooting by hunters along the Leh-Srinagar highway. Leh, located in the Leh district, was also the historical capital of the Himalayan Kingdom of Ladakh, the seat of which was in the Leh Palace, the former residence of the royal family of Ladakh, built in the same style and about the same time as the Potala Palace in Tibet. Ladak as the Indian Union Territory Each district within the union territory continues to elect an autonomous district council as done previously. Governor R.K. Mathur [d][64] The peaks in the Ladakh Range are at a medium altitude close to the Zoji-la (5,000–5,500 m or 16,400–18,000 ft) and increase toward southeast, culminating in the twin summits of Nun-Kun (7,000 m or 23,000 ft). This is a major tourist attraction for tourists across the globe. Kashmir's Karkota Empire and the Umayyad Caliphate too joined the contest for Xinjiang soon afterwards. The National Research Institute for Sowa-Rigpa in Leh is an institute for research into traditional medicine and a hospital providing traditional treatments. When the legislative assembly called Praja Sabha was established in 1934, Ladakh was given two nominated seats in the assembly. It is the highest among the Stok Range and the climb starts from Stok village. [33] Academics infer from the slant of Ladakhi chronicles that Ladakh may have owed its primary allegiance to Tibet during this time, but that it was more political than cultural. [70] The first European to study the wildlife of this region was William Moorcroft in 1820, followed by Ferdinand Stoliczka, an Austrian-Czech palaeontologist, who carried out a massive expedition there in the 1870s. Both women and men weave, on different looms.[110]. The massifs to the north and east of the Nubra–Siachen line include the Apsarasas Group (highest point at 7,245 m or 23,770 ft) the Rimo Muztagh (highest point at 7,385 m or 24,229 ft) and the Teram Kangri Group (highest point at 7,464 m or 24,488 ft) together with Mamostong Kangri (7,526 m or 24,692 ft) and Singhi Kangri (7,202 m or 23,629 ft). Leh town. Ladakh was claimed as part of Tibet by Phuntsok Wangyal, a Tibetan Communist leader. Gielen, U. P. 1998. In 1994 the Students' Educational and Cultural Movement of Ladakh (SECMOL) launched Operation New Hope (ONH), a campaign to provide "culturally appropriate and locally relevant education" and make government schools more functional and effective. [17], Naked barley (Ladakhi: nas, Urdu: grim) was traditionally a staple crop all over Ladakh. Visison 2050 for UT of Ladakh, Volunteer with the Administration of UT of Ladakh, Zanskar Winter Sports & Youth Festival 2021 will be the…, The Union Territory of Ladakh celebrates its first “Winter Conclave…, Content Owned by UT Administration Ladakh, Developed and hosted by National Informatics Centre, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, Government of India, Duty of Officer in Republic Day Celebration of 2021. [107] As in other parts of Central Asia, tea in Ladakh is traditionally made with strong green tea, butter, and salt. The National Highway 1A connects Leh to Kashmir Valley through the Zoji La Pass. The extreme limit of cultivation is at Korzok, on the Tso-moriri lake, at 4,600 m (15,100 ft), which has what are widely considered to be the highest fields in the world. [108], The music of Ladakhi Buddhist monastic festivals, like Tibetan music, often involves religious chanting in Tibetan as an integral part of the religion. [66][67], The regions on the north flank of the Himalayas – Dras, the Suru valley and Zangskar – experience heavy snowfall and remain cut off from the rest of the region for several months in the year, as the whole region remains cut off by road from the rest of the country. [18], Ladakh is the largest and the second least populous union territory of India. Central Pool MBBS and BDS Seats allocation for the year 2020-21 reg. In 1885, Leh became the headquarters of a mission of the Moravian Church. This order met with great resistance from the local people who feared that the children would be forced to convert to Christianity. An attack from the Dogra Kings of Jammu ousted the Namgyals out of both these palaces and they found shelter across the Indus river at the Stok Palace. The region comprising the valley of the Shayok and Nubra rivers is known as Nubra. This event is known as the Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal war of 1679–1684. Loshon is a harvest dance, especially performed in Shey village which was once the capital of Ladakh. Before 1993, students were taught in Urdu until they were 14, after which the medium of instruction shifted to English. [53][54] The stand-off involving the most troops was in September 2014 in the disputed Chumar region when 800 to 1,000 Indian troops and 1,500 Chinese troops came into close proximity to each other. The glacier lies between the Saltoro Ridge immediately to the west and the main Karakoram Range to the east. [11][12] Until 2019, Ladakh was a region of the Indian-administered state of Jammu and Kashmir. Ladakh is renowned for its remote mountain beauty and distinct culture. [25][58], In August 2019, a reorganisation act was passed by the Parliament of India which contained provisions to reconstitute Ladakh as a union territory, separate from the rest of Jammu and Kashmir on 31 October 2019. [1][13][59][60] Under the terms of the act, the union territory is administered by a Lieutenant Governor acting on behalf of the Central Government of India and does not have an elected legislative assembly or chief minister. [9][10] The eastern end, consisting of the uninhabited Aksai Chin plains, is claimed by the Indian Government as part of Ladakh, and has been under Chinese control since 1962. The animal is often persecuted by farmers whose crops are allegedly damaged by it. Islam begins to take root in the Leh area in the beginning of the 17th century after the Balti invasion and the marriage of Gyal to Jamyang. [61], The demand for Ladakh as separate Union Territory (UT) was first raised by the parliamentarian Kushok Bakula Rinpoche around 1955, which was later carried forward by another parliamentarian Thupstan Chhewang. Though the region is a remote hilly area without all-weather roads, the area is also rich in limestone deposits to manufacture cement from the locally available cheap electricity for various construction needs. "Gender roles in traditional Tibetan cultures". The Kargil district contains the Suru, Dras and Zanskar river valleys. The wool of chiru must be pulled out by hand, a process done after the animal is killed. [46][47] The Mughals however withdrew after being paid off by the 5th Dalai Lama. Saser Kangri is the highest peak in the Saser Muztagh, the easternmost subrange of the Karakoram Range in India, Saser Kangri I having an altitude of 7,672 m (25,171 ft). 76.87% population of Kargil is Muslim (mostly Shia),[101] with a total population of 140,802, while that of Leh is 66.40% Buddhist, with a total population of 133,487, as per the 2011 census.[102][103]. The dances typically narrate a story of the fight between good and evil, ending with the eventual victory of the former. Bounded by two of the world's largest mountain ranges and surrounded by alpine desert, Leh's dry barren landscape is dotted with historic Buddhist monasteries making it an incredible sight to behold. Dras, Kargil and Leh were liberated and Ladakh cleared of the infiltrators. In the later period, Leh became an important center for trade in Central Asia, along with the Indus Valley between Tibet to the east, … [16][17] Ladakh is one of the most sparsely populated regions in India. Nyimagon's eldest son, Lhachen Palgyigon, is believed to have conquered the regions to the north, including Ladakh and Rutog. He expanded the kingdom into Zangskar and Spiti. A History of Lamdon School", "New gamma ray telescope coming up in Ladakh to observe exploding stars, black holes", "Two AIIMS-like institutions, 8 medical colleges in Jammu-Kashmir, Ladakh: Govt", "Dga' Ldan Tshe Dbang Dpal Bzang Po and the Tibet-Ladakh-Mugha1 War of 1679–84", "Embedded in Stone—Early Buddhist Rock Art of Ladakh", "Historic Ruins in the Gya Valley, Eastern Ladakh, and a Consideration of Their Relationship to the History of Ladakh and Maryul", Time, Self and the Other: The striving tourist in Ladakh, north India, In the other we trust: Buying souvenirs in Ladakh, north India, Until the Feathers of the Winged Black Raven Turn White: Sources for the Tibet-Bashahr Treaty of 1679–1684, The Muslim Queens of the Himalayas: Princess Exchanges in Baltistan and Ladakh, 2019 Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh reorganisation, Ladakh Renewable Energy Development Agency, Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Eliezer Joldan Memorial College Leh, Ladakh, Ladakh Ecological Development and Environmental Group, Autonomous administrative divisions of India, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ladakh&oldid=1000464619, States and territories established in 2019, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with bad settlement type, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2020, Articles containing Persian-language text, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from March 2018, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Tourism is one of an economic contributor to the union territory of Ladakh in Northern India.The union territory is part of the broader disputed Kashmir region and is sandwiched between the Karakoram mountain range to the north and the Himalayas to the south and is situated at the height of 11,400 ft. Ladakh is composed of the Leh and Kargil districts. In L. L. Adler (Ed. Weaving is an important part of traditional life in eastern Ladakh. [36][37] His principal disciple, Sayyid Muhammad Nur Baksh also propagated Islam to Ladakhis and the Balti people rapidly converted to Islam. The residents of the Dha-Hanu area, known as Brokpa, are predominately followers of Islam while small minorities follow Tibetan Buddhism and Hinduism[100] and most Brokpa have preserved much of their original Dardic traditions and customs. The Tibetan argali or Nyan is the largest wild sheep in the world, standing 1.1 to 1.2 metres (3.5 to 4 ft) at the shoulder with the horn measuring 900–1,000 mm (35–39 in). [27] Around the 1st century, Ladakh was a part of the Kushan Empire. [78] There are also a few brown bears in the Suru Valley and the area around Dras. Report submitted to the Wildlife Conservation Society, Bronx Zoo, New York. Some identify Ali's ally and Raja of Khaplu Yabgo Shey Gilazi as her father, while others identify Ali himself as the father. [62] Within the first year of the formation of Ladakh as separate union territory, its annual budget allocation has increased 4 times from ₹57 crore to ₹232 crore.[62]. Sweet tea (cha ngarmo) is common now, made in the Indian style with milk and sugar. The Pangong range runs parallel to the Ladakh Range for about 100 km (62 mi) northwest from Chushul along the southern shore of the Pangong Lake. [52][page needed]. [56], Leh was initially chosen to be the headquarters of the new division however, following protests, it was announced that Leh and Kargil will jointly serve as the divisional headquarters, each hosting an Additional Divisional Commissioner to assist the Divisional Commissioner and Inspector General of Police who will spend half their time in each town. However, after facing some protest, Leh and Kargil were announced to jointly serve as the divisional headquarters. Issue of Passport to the residents of Union territory of J&K and Ladakh under Tatkaal Scheme- reg. There is only a small population of about 400 animals in Ladakh. Within Ladakh, there is a range of dialects, so that the language of the Chang-pa people may differ markedly from that of the Purig-pa in Kargil, or the Zangskaris, but they are all mutually comprehensible. Ladakh is a Union Territory of India, founded on 31st of October 2019. ... the capital of Tibet. [25] Ladakh's earliest inhabitants consisted of a mixed Indo-Aryan population of Mons and Dards,[26] who find mention in the works of Herodotus,[c] and classical writers as well as the Indian Puranas. The Tibetan sand fox has been discovered in this region. Extensive operations were launched in high altitudes by the Indian Army with considerable artillery and air force support. The Future of Kashmir? This school of traditional healing contains elements of Ayurveda and Chinese medicine, combined with the philosophy and cosmology of Tibetan Buddhism. For centuries, the only medical system accessible to the people have been the amchi, traditional doctors following the Tibetan medical tradition. [50], In 1949, China closed the border between Nubra and Xinjiang, blocking old trade routes. Rice was previously a luxury in the Ladakhi diet, but, subsidised by the government, has now become a cheap staple. Jamyang Namgyal was later restored to the throne by Ali Sher Khan and given the hand of a Muslim princess in marriage. The mountain ranges in this region were formed over 45 million years by the folding of the Indian Plate into the more stationary Eurasian Plate. [26] It is still in existence today. Kargil is the second largest town in Ladakh after Leh. Ladakh. [17], Tibetan medicine has been the traditional health system of Ladakh for over a thousand years. Most of the surplus barley that is produced is fermented into chang, an alcoholic beverage drunk especially on festive occasions. … [99], People of Dard descent predominate in Dras and Dha-Hanu areas. [48] With the help of reinforcements from Galdan Boshugtu Khan, Khan of the Zungar Empire, the Tibetans attacked again in 1684. Ladakh remained Buddhist and its culture was not yet Tibetan.[34]. Its natural features consist mainly of high plains and deep valleys. Its closeness to Leh, the capital of Ladakh makes it more accessible to the trekkers. However, the practice remained in existence into the 1990s especially among the elderly and the more isolated rural populations. The Eurasian lynx, is another rare cat that preys on smaller herbivores in Ladakh. She was to be the first queen and her son was to become the next ruler. Buddhism spread into western Ladakh from Kashmir in the 2nd century. The Ladakh Range has no major peaks; its average height is a little less than 6,000 m (20,000 ft), and few of its passes are less than 5,000 m (16,000 ft). Growing times vary considerably with altitude. The historic but imprecise divide between Ladakh and the Tibetan Plateau commences in the north in the intricate maze of ridges east of Rudok including Aling Kangri and Mavang Kangri, and continues southeastward toward northwestern Nepal. Leh is the joint capital and largest town of the union territory of Ladakh in India. Schools are well distributed throughout Ladakh but 75% of them provide only primary education. However, since the Chinese Government closed the borders between Tibet Autonomous Region and Ladakh, this international trade has completely dried up. Pakistani raiders from Gilgit had reached Ladakh and military operations were initiated to evict them. The Suru and Zanskar valleys form a great trough enclosed by the Himalayas and the Zanskar Range. The main religious groups in the region are Muslims (mainly Shia) (46%), Tibetan Buddhists (40%), Hindus (12%) and others (2%). Stok Kangri is the most popular trekking point among all the peaks. As per the order, the apportionment has been made as per the figures that stood on 31 October 2019 and as per the … [112], Polo, popular among the Baltis, is an annual affair in Drass region of Kargil district. Medieval Islamic scholars called Ladakh the Great Tibet (derived from Turko-Arabic Ti-bat, meaning "highland"); Baltistan and other trans-Himalayan states in Kashmir's vicinity were referred to as "Little Tibets". The region's population is split roughly in half between the districts of Leh and Kargil. Community of Ladakh Medina Tenour Whiteman on Encountering the Unexpected. Historically, the region included the Baltistan (Baltiyul) valleys (now mostly in Pakistani administered part of Kashmir), the entire upper Indus Valley, the remote Zanskar, Lahaul and Spiti to the south, much of Ngari including the Rudok region and Guge in the east, Aksai Chin in the northeast, and the Nubra Valley to the north over Khardong La in the Ladakh Range. As a division, Ladakh was granted its own Divisional Commissioner and Inspector General of Police. Recent flooding in the region (e.g., the 2010 floods) has been attributed to abnormal rain patterns and retreating glaciers, both of which have been found to be linked to global climate change. Dras and the Mushkoh Valley form the western extremity of Ladakh. It's also one of the highest permanently inhabited towns in the world. Academics find strong influences of Zhangzhung language and culture in "upper Ladakh" (from the middle section of the Indus valley to the southeast). (2010). Order: Deputing Junior Engineers II appointed through outsourcing to PHE Division, Leh. In 1834, the Sikh Zorawar Singh, a general of Raja Gulab Singh of Jammu, invaded and annexed Ladakh to Jammu under the suzerainty of the Sikh Empire. There was a heavy presence of Indian Army and Indo-Tibetan Border Police forces in Ladakh. Religious mask dances are an important part of Ladakh's cultural life. The Indian government was criticised by the Indian public because India respected geographical co-ordinates more than India's opponents: Pakistan and China. It is adapted to rugged areas where it easily climbs when threatened. Gokhle called Twitter's mislabelling an unpardonable development. In August 2019, the erstwhile quasi-autonomous Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir was split into two Union Territories: Jammu and Kashmir, and Ladakh. This three-way division of Nyimagon's empire was recognised as historic and remembered in the chronicles of all the three regions as a founding narrative. [57], Some activists from Leh in recent times called for Ladakh to be constituted as a union territory because of perceived unfair treatment by Kashmir and Ladakh's cultural differences with predominantly Muslim Kashmir valley, while some people in Kargil opposed union territory status for Ladakh. The third road to Ladakh is the Nimmu–Padam–Darcha road, which is under construction. A Ladakhi female in full costume would create no small impression in the midst of the chic matrons of European capital. The sex ratio for Leh district declined from 1011 females per 1000 males in 1951 to 805 in 2001, while for Kargil district it declined from 970 to 901. European influence began in Ladakh in the 1850s and increased. Sayyid Ali Hamadani, Sayyid Muhammad Nur Baksh and Mir Shamsuddin Iraqi were three important Sufi missionaries who propagated Islam to the locals. In 1955 China began to build roads connecting Xinjiang and Tibet through the Aksai Chin area. Contemporary Ladakh borders Tibet to the east, the Lahaul and Spiti regions to the south, the Vale of Kashmir, Jammu and Baltiyul regions to the west, and the southwest corner of Xinjiang across the Karakoram Pass in the far north. JAMMU, Jan 14: The Jammu & Kashmir Finance department Thursday issued formal orders for the apportionment of assets, rights, liabilities and posts of the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir between the union territories of J&K and Ladakh, respectively. Ladak is its pronunciation in several Tibetan districts. Kyide Nyimagon, Langdarma's great grandson, fled to West Tibet c. 900 CE, and founded a new West Tibetan kingdom at the heart of the old Zhangzhung, now called Ngari in the Tibetan language. [38][39][40][41][42][43] In the early 17th century efforts were made to restore the destroyed artefacts and gonpas by Sengge Namgyal, the son of Jamyang and Gyal. This famous … The adult sex ratio reflects large numbers of mostly male seasonal and migrant labourers and merchants. In 1947, Ladakh became a part of India and came under the capital of Srinagar. It prides itself on preserving Ladakhi tradition and culture.[123]. Thiksey Gompa. A large group of Muslim servants and musicians were sent along with Gyal to Ladakh and private mosques were built where they could pray. Nevertheless, a major trade route was established between Leh and Yarkand. Its highest point is about 6,700 m (22,000 ft) and the northern slopes are heavily glaciated. The first West Tibetan dynasty of Maryul founded by Palgyigon lasted five centuries, being weakened towards its end by the conquests of the Mongol/Mughal noble Mirza Haidar Dughlat. The advance continued. [citation needed], The Tibetan and Ladakhi name La-dwags .mw-parser-output .uchen{font-family:"BabelStone Tibetan Slim",Jomolhari,"Noto Sans Tibetan","Microsoft Himalaya",Kailash,"DDC Uchen","TCRC Youtso Unicode","Tibetan Machine Uni","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchen","Qomolangma-Uchen Sarchung","Qomolangma-Uchen Suring","Qomolangma-Uchen Sutung","Qomolangma-Title","Qomolangma-Subtitle","DDC Rinzin","Qomolangma-Woodblock","Qomolangma-Dunhuang"}.mw-parser-output .ume{font-family:"Qomolangma-Betsu","Qomolangma-Chuyig","Qomolangma-Drutsa","Qomolangma-Edict","Qomolangma-Tsumachu","Qomolangma-Tsuring","Qomolangma-Tsutong","TibetanSambhotaYigchung","TibetanTsugRing","TibetanYigchung"}ལ་དྭགས (historically transliterated as La-dvags) means "land of high passes". The height of the peak is 6153 meters (20,187 ft). The Ladakh region was divided into the Kargil and Leh districts in 1979. Maps showing the options and pitfalls of possible solutions. [126], In December 2019, the union minister of state for home affairs Mr G Kishan Reddy, in a written response has stated in Parliament that the Government of India has approved to establish a Medical College and National Research Institute for Sowa-Rigpa in the district of Leh. The Zanskar gets frozen during winter and the famous Chadar trek takes place on this magnificent frozen river. [28] Xuanzang's term of Ladakh is Mo-lo-so, which has been reconstructed by academics as *Malasa, *Marāsa, or *Mrāsa, which is believed to have been the original name of the region. Mirza Muhammad Haidar Dughlat who invaded and briefly conquered Ladakh in 1532, 1545 and 1548, does not record any presence of Islam in Leh during his invasion although Shia Islam and Noorbakshia Islam continued to flourish in other regions of Ladakh.[36][37]. The route, however, remains closed during the winter months due to heavy snowfall. Beyond that, Ladakhis produce feature films that are screened in auditoriums and community halls. [104] The urban sex ratio in both the districts is about 640. ), caraway, stinging nettles, mint, Physochlaina praealta, and various grasses. Held at a height of 11,500 to 17,618 feet (3,505 to 5,370 m), it is one of the world's highest marathons. [91] The majority of roads in Ladakh are looked after by the Border Roads Organisation. Kargil is the centre of the Suru River valley, historically known as Purig It is mostly found in Nubra, Changthang and Zangskar. In the past Ladakh gained importance from its strategic location at the crossroads of important trade routes,[14] but as the Chinese authorities closed the borders between Tibet Autonomous Region and Ladakh in the 1960s, international trade dwindled. Heavy presence of Indian Army with considerable artillery and air force support musicians were sent along Gyal... 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