After the members arrived in their new location, they sent six delegates to the Montgomery, Alabama, convention that formed the Confederacy, seized the US Mint in New Orleans, and ratified the Confederate constitution on March 21 before adjourning on March 26. We do further declare and ordain, That the State of Louisiana hereby resumes all rights and powers heretofore delegated to the Government of the United States of America; that her citizens are absolved from all allegiance to said Government; and that she is in full possession and exercise of all those rights of sovereignty which appertain to a free and independent State. Judah P. Benjamin, called the "brains of the Confederacy", served in Confederate President Jefferson Davis's cabinet. The convention itself briefly adjourned to move from Baton Rouge to New Orleans in order to allow the state legislature to meet at the capitol. Post-Constitution, the first major threat of full state secession came during the Jefferson administration, when the New England states, led by Thomas Pickering, threatened to dissolve their participation in the Union. Pine torches lighted a night parade in New Orleans. It was followed four months later by the states of Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Texas and Louisiana. One New Orleans newspaper said the Republican Party opposed the "dignity, interest, and well-being of Louisiana." Secessionists captured the majority of seats. the governor of Louisiana that led the state to secession; organized the capture of federal arsenals at Baton Rouge, Fort Jackson and Fort St. Phillip . After voting 113 to 17 in favor of secession on the third day of the convention, the delegates strove to maintain all appearances of unity. But life in any training camp was difficult. Not only did the state cast its electoral votes for John C. Breckinridge, the candidate of the southern wing of the Democratic Party, but the election resulted in the triumph of Republican Abraham Lincoln, who had not received a single popular vote in Louisiana. When war erupted, he unsuccessfully lobbied the Confederate government in Richmond for a strong defense of New Orleans. “The Long Lost Returns: The Candidates and Their Totals in Louisiana’s Secession Election.” Louisiana History 10 (Fall 1969): 353–369. Being the largest exporter of this benevolent cash crop, it truly ameliorated the country’s economy and financial status. This is the anniversary. ", Dew, Charles B. 3) Growing abolition movement. Southerners saw slavery as key to their sovereignty. It will not start the war in the north and the Federal Union thinks that the South is still part of it while the southern states did not agree. Secession in the United States refers mainly to state secession.It applies to the outbreak of the American Civil War when on December 20, 1860, South Carolina officially declared their secession from the United States. The Confederate draft also exempted anyone owning twenty or more slaves through the so-called "Twenty Slave Law"; this exemption and the right to pay a substitute seemed to aim the conscription law at the poor man. SUMMARY OF SLAVERY AS REASONS FOR SECESSION AND THE CONFEDERACY In summary, contrary to the Myth of the Lost Cause, preservation of slavery was the primary cause of Southern states’ secession and their creation of the Confederacy. They heard Lincoln labeled a "black Republican Abolitionist" who would end their (slavery-based) way of life. People who believed in the doctrine of states' rights believed that the states could nullify federal laws. ); Louisiana was the sixth slave state to declare that it had seceded from the U.S. and joined the C.S. States were required to hold individual state conventions where they would repeal the ordinances of secession and ratify the Thirteenth Amendment. Because a large part of the population had Union sympathies (or compatible commercial interests), the U.S. government took the unusual step of designating the areas of Louisiana then under U.S. control as a state within the Union, with its own elected representatives to the U.S. Congress. Yet, from an economic and political perspective, clearly, secession would have weakened the blossoming new nation and created an atmosphere that would have much more closely resembled war … The camp, although close to New Orleans, was soon abandoned. Throughout the prewar period, Louisiana repeatedly rejected the initiative of radical southerners who demanded that the South leave the Union. After the ordinance of secession passed the convention on January 26, 1861, Moore placed Colonel Braxton Bragg in command of the state military. Roland, Charles P. “Louisiana and Secession.” Louisiana History 19 (Fall 1978): 389–99. Texas was the last of a raft of states to secede from the Union. That the people of the State of Mississippi hereby consent to form a federal union with such of the States as may have seceded or may secede from the Union of the United States of America, upon the basis of the present Constitution of the said United States, except such parts thereof as embrace other portions than such seceding States. These documents were sent to the federal government and stated that state's particular reasons for seceding from the Union. Four border states held slaves but remained in the Union. Lincoln's election brought an immediate reaction. Adopted in convention at Baton Rouge this January 26, 1861.[1]. Other events contributed toward the secessionist atmosphere in Louisiana. The idea of secession is not new, as the Theory of Nullification known. They learned to ignore the bugs floating on the water. All Rights Reserved. Soon afterward the grounds were covered with marching soldiers preparing for a very different contest. (You can unsubscribe anytime). The latter end of this thread is a discussion on tariffs, which is an economic history topic. Newspapers carried the names of men who were willing to serve as substitutes. Palmer. The American Civil War was a conflict that lasted from 1861 to 1865. In November, Benjamin Palmer, a leading Presbyterian minister in New Orleans, delivered a sermon declaring divine sanction for secession. Finding respite in 64 PARISHES during the COVID-19 crisis? ___. 4) Economic and social differences. trying to abolish slavery > The election of Lincoln > States have a right to govern themselves. Four states went further. The former group endorsed secession, while the latter group included some unionists but mainly comprised those who wanted to have a conference of southern states prior to any state’s secession. Shall we have a Southern Convention of the slave states or will each state act by itself? Many believe that secession is what caused the war too. Judge James G. Taliaferro of Catahoula Parish was the most outspoken opponent. The four states that submitted Declaration of Causes documents were South Carolina, Georgia, Mississippi, and Texas. Northern delegates to the Democratic Party convention supported Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois, but the southern Democrats disagreed with his position on slavery, which they felt was not pro-slavery enough. Cotton became King in the South in the 18th century. They also refused to release the official vote totals from the January 7 election of delegates, perhaps worried that publishing data which indicated that 47.3 percent of the state’s voters had supported cooperationist candidates would undermine their cause. Often you’ll hear people defending the Confederate States’ rebellion (treason) during the American Civil War as an act of “States’ Rights” and not about defending the institution of slavery. Why would they not join the Confederacy? Louisiana, like the other states, could not see the desolation that lay ahead when it entered a war expected to last only a few weeks. On January 8, 1861, Governor Moore ordered the Louisiana militia to occupy the Federal arsenal at Baton Rouge and the Federal forts guarding New Orleans, Jackson and St. Philip. South Carolina seceded first, on December 20, 1860. What reasons did South Carolina give to seceding from the union in the 'Ordinance of Secession and Declaration and Causes of Secession'? A draft or conscription required all men of a certain age to enlist in the army. Additionally, the delegates decided against popular ratification of secession by 84 to 45, contending that voters had already had their say when they elected the delegates. 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